PHYWE Study of the laws of collision of bodies on the demo track using the 4-4 timer

Principle The velocities of two gliders moving without friction along a demonstration track are measured before and after a collision, both for elastic and inelastic collisions. Problems Elastic collision Momenta of two gliders, as well as their sum after the collision. For comparison, the average value of the momentum of the first glider is plotted on the graph as a horizontal line. Their energies are similar to Problem 1.1. In accordance with the average value of the measured momentum of the first glider before the collision, the theoretical values of the momentum for the two gliders are entered for the range of mass ratios from 0 to 3. For comparison, the measurement points (see 1.1) are plotted on the graph. In accordance with the average value of the measured energy of the first glider before the collision, the theoretical values of the energy after the collision are plotted on the graph similar to Problem 1.3. In this case, the measured values are compared with the theoretical curves. Inelastic collision. The momentum values are plotted as in Problem 1.1. The energy values are plotted as in Problem 1.2. The theoretical and measured values of momentum are compared as in task 1.3. The theoretical and measured values of energy are compared as in task 1.4. To clearly illustrate the energy loss and its dependence on the mass ratio, theoretical functions of the total energy of both gliders and the energy loss after the collision are constructed. Advantages Precise results thanks to low-friction measurements: trolley with sapphire bearings Adjustable feet along the entire length of the track for very easy alignment of the track even on small tables Extremely robust accessories, such as no overloading of the trolleys due to the elastic bearing of the base plate, prevent unnecessary breakages Detailed illustrated step-by-step instructions The 4-4 Timer can be used for almost any experimental requirement: the distance-time law for four distances, measuring the velocity in four positions, principles of collisions, measuring the time of orbital motion of rotational motion, direct measurement of the duration of a complete swing of a mechanical pendulum and for short-term or long-term measurements with two 8-digit displays by connecting each of the 2 timers Learning Objectives Conservation of momentum Conservation of energy Linear motion Velocity Elastic losses Elastic collisions